For several years now there has been an annual conference on shamanism held in Iquitos each July. Alan Shoemaker created this event and it attracts some fascinating people from around the world. I stopped in for the final night of talks because several friends were doing presentations. There were many shamans there, of course, along with musicians and writers and therapists and visionary artists and cultural critics. And there was Peter Gorman, handing out doses of sapo, a neurotoxin that comes from the giant leaf frog, phyllomedusa bicolor, but that’s a whole other story.
These people had traveled from all over the world to hear speakers talk about shamanism, and healing, and the nature of creativity, and to hear new perspectives on the Meaning Of It All. The main focus was on ayahuasca, and to a lesser extent the San Pedro cactus that grows in the Andes. Both of these plant medicines have deep associations with indigenous spiritual traditions in Peru that span centuries if not millennia.
What I have to say here concerns ayahuasca, that infamous brew made from a specific vine and the leaves of a shrub that both grow in the Amazon. It was fresh on my mind that night at the conference, because I had done a ceremony the night before, in the jungle, with a local shaman named Ernesto. I had brought my own brew, it was some ayahuasca negro made by Ron Wheelock, and it was very powerful. And by powerful I mean physically difficult, with a lot of purging and discomfort. It also offered a tremendous amount of inner illumination, let’s say a sense of light in the body, a sensation that your body is filled with lightning. Many shamans use the terms ‘light’ and ‘strength’ as principal barometers of the ayahuasca experience, and this brew was formidable on both metrics.
The visionary qualities were intense as well, on this night. For me they were very personal, as they are for most people. Throughout the course of the evening, I experienced a wealth of personal insight into my life and the state of my interpersonal relationships with family and friends. It included counseling with regards to some issues that were creating stress and tension in my life. It was an ongoing dialogue that stretched far into the night, and by the end of the evening I was in a state of glowing acceptance of the nature of things, and radiating pure love and appreciation for the apparently infinite power and wisdom of the plant.
Whether this higher intelligence is contained in the plant or merely released by it, like a gatekeeper of the mind, no one can say. But I do know that these visions have a million manifestations, and the depth and breadth of their expressions appear limitless. I wish I could describe the jaw-dropping detail, precision, and complexity of ayahuasca visions. I simply cannot. They are so incredibly vivid, so specific in their architecture, and so vast in scale that often it’s hard to know where to begin to look. I could say there are elements of M.C. Escher, Alex Grey, Salvador Dali, Jackson Pollock and Dr. Seuss, but that’s only how they appear to me. For others they may look different.
Sometimes these visions manifest spirits or beings of higher intelligence, sometimes they are simply part of an ever-changing background, and other times the two are interwoven. It is a landscape more fantastical by far than any I could ever imagine on my own. Sometimes, the intensity of the visions is so great that it is difficult to know exactly what is going on until later, when you have some time to reflect on everything. Sometimes it is days, weeks or even months later before the wisdom or insight imparted by a moment’s unfolding in ayahuasca becomes clear. At other times there are entire chapters that are simply bewildering and beyond comprehension, and remain so.
On this particular night, the visions went beyond something you might see as a movie in the mind’s eye, and became a multi-dimensional world into which my entire consciousness was absorbed, so that I became only a small part of the larger fabric of the universe. To feel this boundary dissolve can be unsettling, and I believe it is a threshold that can only be crossed when you are willing to put your ego aside and relinquish a certain amount of control. Not everyone who drinks ayahuasca gets to this place. It requires turning inward and facing one’s demons, for which you must trust the medicine. This trust is like a kind of faith. When things get rough, you know that’s when the medicine is working.
To work with the medicine in this way requires a very open mind. But in turn, ayahuasca has introduced me to some truly mystical and enlightened states of being. It has showed me what is possible, in this world and the next. I believe that this kind of experience is comparable to any other kind of spiritual or religious revelation to be found in the history books, in which the faithful seek out and receive divine knowledge.
How real are these experiences? Take the testimonies of people like Moses, Muhammad, Joseph Smith or even Joan of Arc. They certainly had the courage of their convictions. You can choose to take them at their word, or not. Personally, I believe that there are many paths to the top of the mountain, and ayahuasca is one such path. In fact, I believe that helping humanity to get to the mountaintop is what it was specifically designed for.
I once asked a veteran shaman here in Iquitos, who is also a Christian, if it was difficult to reconcile religious dogma with the nature of ayahuasca. “Oh no,” he replied. “Quite the opposite. If you believe in Jesus Christ, you drink ayahuasca and feel his love more than ever. If you are a Muslim, you drink and feel the love of Allah more than ever.”
Imagine there is a veil between this world and the next. Drink ayahuasca, and that veil is lifted for a couple of hours. You enter a state that can only be described at the spirit world. I call it the spirit world because these plants have made me a believer in spirits, and in Spirit. I am not a religious man, but I would be a fool to deny what I have experienced first-hand and found to be quite clearly of a divine origin. By this I mean that the experience derives from a higher order of consciousness, because the lesson by the end of the night is always about love. The importance of holding love in your heart, and sharing it with others. If that’s not something God would want us to reflect on, I don’t know what is.
I often think of Benny Shanon’s book, “The Antipodes of the Mind,” in which he attempts to chart the entire phenomenology of the ayahuasca experience through a very rigorous scientific methodology. One of the interesting things in his book is a list of common or near-universal visions that people have on ayahuasca. The most common visions are snakes, but many people see jaguars or other jungle animals, images of temples or palaces and figures of royalty or divinity.
Shanon came to the conference a few years back and caused a bit of a stir by suggesting that the spirit world did not actually exist, it was merely profoundly imagined. But why then do people drinking the brew in other parts of the world still see images from the jungle, even if they’ve never been there? He explained the universal images that people see as something emanating from a deep well of the unconscious. This wellspring of the creative unconscious contains some ancient archetypal images that all humans have in common without realizing it. I don’t believe think this explanation is accurate, but I can understand how a rational man of science (who has himself drunk ayahuasca many times) might come to that conclusion.
I bring all this up because I have spent years now privately reflecting on the complexity of the ayahuasca experience. Whatever the source of its Intelligence, it remains the greatest and wisest teacher I have ever known. It has changed my life in many ways, all of them positive. I remain awed and humbled by its powers. And yet… and yet, I hesitate to speak of these experiences publicly. As someone coming from a Western analytical tradition, I fully understand the kind of judgments people are going to make when you tell them you ingested a plant medicine (i.e. Schedule I drug) and experienced an ego-dissolving union with the Divine (i.e. tripped your face off). The fact that ayahuasca contains the highly illegal drug DMT is enough for a lot of people to write it off as just another smoke-and-mirrors psychedelic trip.
But the human brain contains DMT as well. Curiously, its exact function is unknown. How can a substance manufactured by one’s own body be considered a dangerous drug?
This conflicting argument is the basic tenor of a conversation I had with my father recently, right before returning to Peru. He is a physician, and a very analytical guy, and he had done some research into this whole shamanism thing before broaching the subject with me. His concern was that it was a dangerous drug, and might be addictive. He clearly didn’t trust it and thought it might even do permanent damage. He was even afraid to tell my mother for fear it would upset her too much. I suppose I shared that fear as well.
I respect the fact that my dad had concerns about this, and the fact that he took the trouble to do some research before talking to me about it. But I also have to say that reading about it in a book and having the experience yourself is the difference between reading about the burning bush, and actually climbing the mountain and beholding it with your own eyes.
I have spent years studying philosophy, history and literature in order to better grasp the fruits of knowledge; to learn how to be a good person and live a virtuous life. All of that study prepared me, and in fact led me to embrace a greater understanding of the world around me. There is a Buddhist saying, that “when the student is ready, the teacher appears.” Wherever we are lucky enough to recognize a master teacher, whether in a book or in a plant, should we not have sense enough to pay attention?
Given everything I have already said about my own experience with these plants, which is quite the opposite in every way from my father’s concerns, I tried to put his worries to rest. With regard to addiction (alcoholism runs in our family) ayahuasca has helped me immeasurably to walk a more level path. As for the trip itself, it is so intense, and contains so much material to process and learn from, that I would never want to do it very often– only when I had a specific reason, be it a physical healing session or an introspective voyage of self-inquiry.
I also consider myself a cautious and rational person who comes from a very Western, analytical paradigm in terms of investigating the world. So speaking of such things with my family, or with work colleagues for example, is a delicate matter. Frankly, I would rather manifest the lessons I have learned through my behavior, so that others can see it in my actions, rather than using words at all.
Because let’s be realistic. No one wants to come off as some kind of crackpot hippy mystic babbling on about holy visions and whatnot. At least I don’t!
My Dad argues that these beta-carbolines at work in the brew are drugs, and when you trip, it’s not that God is revealed, it’s just your brain on drugs. God doesn’t live in a drug, he said. Yes, I replied, but maybe He lives in a plant.
So I guess what it comes down to is that one man’s dangerous drug is another man’s spirit medicine. That’s what Gonzales v. UDV came down to, after all. That was the Supreme Court case a few years back which pitted two competing statutes against one another: the Federal Controlled Substances Act and the Religious Freedoms Restoration Act. On the one hand, you have people taking DMT, which is illegal. On the other, who have people doing in as a sacrament in a spiritual context, as part of a serious, organized religion. In a unanimous decision, and one of the first majority opinions written by new Chief Justice John Roberts, the court decided that the government had no compelling interest in controlling an individual’s religious freedom. That seems exactly spot-on to me.
So now that I have revealed my hand as someone who is interested in the nature and evolution of consciousness, and who is willing to ingest so-called dangerous drugs on special occasions in order to travel (by orders of magnitude!) further down the path, I hope my parents will read this and understand the spirit of genuine philosophical inquiry behind it. Our conversation was about fear and addiction and danger, when it should be about love and illumination and higher knowledge. That’s the conversation I’m interested in, anyway. I hope that by talking openly of what this experience is really all about, we can begin to find some common ground.
Only now I see
What time has known: the fullness
Of understanding